Antibiotics penicillin streptomycin

Q: How do Merck's antibiotics penicillin and streptomycin compare to other microbial research antibiotics?

Merck's antibiotics demonstrate superior quality and consistent performance in microbial research. Compared to alternatives from brands like Sigma-Aldrich, Thermo Fisher Scientific, and Gibco, these antibiotics offer high purity, reliable antimicrobial efficacy, and standardized manufacturing processes.

Q: What citation details should I use when referencing Merck's penicillin and streptomycin in scientific publications?

When citing these antibiotics, include the manufacturer (Merck Group), specific product catalog numbers, lot numbers, and the chemical nomenclature. Typical citation format includes: Manufacturer, Product Name, Catalog Number, Lot Number, Year of Production.

Q: What laboratory systems are compatible with Merck's penicillin and streptomycin?

These antibiotics are compatible with multiple research platforms including cell culture systems, microbiological media preparations, and microbial inhibition studies. They integrate seamlessly with correlated products like Dulbecco Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM), Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), and various cell culture reagents.

Q: What research domains most frequently utilize Merck's penicillin and streptomycin?

Primary research applications include microbiology, molecular biology, pharmaceutical development, antimicrobial resistance studies, and biochemical research focusing on bacterial growth inhibition and genetic manipulation.

Q: What groundbreaking scientific discovery relates to these antibiotics?

Streptomycin, first isolated in 1943 by Selman Waksman, represented a revolutionary breakthrough against tuberculosis and became the first effective treatment for this disease, fundamentally transforming medical approaches to treating bacterial infections.

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About the product

Antibiotics penicillin/streptomycin is a combination of two broad-spectrum antibiotics commonly used in cell culture applications. Penicillin is an antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, while streptomycin disrupts protein synthesis in bacteria. This product is used to prevent bacterial contamination in cell culture media and experiments.

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Spelling variants (same manufacturer)

Streptomycin - 17442 citations Penicillin - 16427 citations Penicillin/streptomycin - 14449 citations Penicillin-streptomycin antibiotics - 141 citations Streptomycin antibiotics - 14 citations Penicillin antibiotics - 3 citations Penicillin–streptomycin antibiotics solution - 3 citations Penicillin-streptomycin antibiotics (PS) - 3 citations Antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin) solution - 3 citations Penicillin/Streptomycin (P/S) antibiotics mix - 3 citations

Similar products (other manufacturers)

Antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (by Thermo Fisher Scientific) - 48 citations Antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (by Lonza) - 5 citations Antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (by Cytiva) - 5 citations Antibiotics (Penicillin/Streptomycin), (by STEMCELL) - 2 citations Antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (by GE Healthcare) - 2 citations

The spelling variants listed below correspond to different ways the product may be referred to in scientific literature.
These variants have been automatically detected by our extraction engine, which groups similar formulations based on semantic similarity.

Product FAQ

How do Merck's antibiotics penicillin and streptomycin compare to other microbial research antibiotics?

What citation details should I use when referencing Merck's penicillin and streptomycin in scientific publications?

What laboratory systems are compatible with Merck's penicillin and streptomycin?

What research domains most frequently utilize Merck's penicillin and streptomycin?

What groundbreaking scientific discovery relates to these antibiotics?

17 protocols using «antibiotics penicillin streptomycin»

1

PMMA-Hydroxyapatite Composite Synthesis

2024

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA, Mw = 100,000 g/mol, PMMA 100 K) was purchased from Polysciences, Inc., USA. Hydroxyapatite, a nanopowder with <200 nm particle size, was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF) was used as a solvent for dissolving PMMA and was bought from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. All chemical reagents were analytically pure.
Reagents for in vitro tests, such as amino acids, L-glutamine, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin), were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Dorset, UK). Phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Presto Blue, Trypsin EDTA, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium, ActinGreen, and NucBlue were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). The cell line osteoblasts were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Dorset, UK).

Zaszczyńska A., Kołbuk D., Gradys A, & Sajkiewicz P. (2024). Development of Poly(methyl methacrylate)/nano-hydroxyapatite (PMMA/nHA) Nanofibers for Tissue Engineering Regeneration Using an Electrospinning Technique. Polymers, 16(4), 531.

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2

Cytotoxicity Assay of Breast and Liver Cancer Cells

2024

This study used human breast adenocarcinoma Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) and liver carcinoma HepG2 cell lines [American Type Culture Collection (ATCC); Rockville, MD, USA], which were obtained from the Laboratory of Biochemical and Natural Product Isolation, Research Centre for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine, KST BJ. Habibie, BRIN, Serpong, Banten, Indonesia. Cells were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium high glucose medium (Sigma), which was supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (Sigma) in a humidified atmosphere containing 5% CO₂ and 95% air at 37 °C. The cytotoxic assay was then performed by seeding MCF-7 and HepG2 cells on a 96-well microplate at a concentration of 1 × 10⁴ cells per well, followed by incubation for 24 h to maximize attachment. Subsequently, the media were replaced with fresh samples containing 100 µg/mL of extract (diluted on DMSO) and incubated for 48 h. A total of 10 µL of 3- (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) stock solution (0.5 mg/mL) was added and incubated for 3 h at 37 °C, leading to the dissolution of the crystals in 99% DMSO. After the complete dissolution of formazan blue, cell proliferation was measured at 570 nm using a Thermo Scientific Varioskan Flash (Thermo Fischer). The inhibition percentage was then calculated using the formula: [1- (Abs._Sample-Abs._{DMSO control})] × 100%. DMSO at a final concentration of 0.05% and 100 µg/mL cisplatin (Sigma) were used as negative and positive controls, respectively.¹⁷

PRIYANTO J.A., PRASTYA M.E., MINARTI M, & PERMATASARI V. (2024). Pharmaceutical Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Extract Derived from Purple Leaf Graptophyllum pictum (L.) Griff. Turkish Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 21(2), 133-140.

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3

Astrocytes, Caco-2, and MDA-MB-231 Cell Treatments

2024

Clone-7 astrocytes cells were obtained by limited dilution technique starting from primary astrocytes, isolated as previously described (Caradonna et al. 2020 (link)).
Cells were cultured with Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) high glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, D6429, USA) and F-12 K (Corning, 10–025-CV, USA) in a 2:1 ratio, enriched with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l-glutamine (Sigma-Aldrich, G7513, USA), and antibiotics penicillin/streptomycin 1% (Sigma-Aldrich, P4333, USA), until subconfluent, changing the culture medium approximately every 2 days and keeping cells at 37 °C in a controlled atmosphere (5% CO₂).
Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, Md., USA) and cultured in DMEM (Sigma-Aldrich, D6429, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l-glutamine (Sigma, Life Science, G7513, U.K), and antibiotics penicillin/streptomycin 1% (Sigma-Aldrich, P4333, USA), and were maintained at 37 °C in 5% CO₂ and 95% humidity. Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were cultured as previously described (Naselli et al. 2015 (link); Luparello et al. 2019 (link)).
To identify potential modulatory effects on DNA fragmentation, clone-7 astrocytes and Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with doxorubicin and resveratrol, solubilized in DMSO verifying that the vehicle volume was always less than 0.01% of the cell medium to avoid self-effect on the biological and epigenetic/molecular endpoints (Galvao et al. 2014 (link)).
The selected concentration of resveratrol for each cell line was 50 μM, chosen as it is under the IC₅₀ reported in the literature (Lin et al. 2014 (link); Liu et al. 2014 (link); Gomes et al. 2019 (link), 2020 (link); Jadid et al. 2021 (link); Volpes et al. 2023 (link)). The treatment extended for 48 h.
Clone-7 astrocytes and Caco-2 cells were also treated with 1 μM doxorubicin for 48 h (Jadid et al. 2021 (link); Maszczyk et al. 2022 (link)), unlike MDA-MB-231 cells that were treated for 48 h with 0.6 μM doxorubicin chosen as it is under the IC₅₀ reported in the literature (Sadeghi-Aliabadi et al. 2012 ).
Combined treatments with both selected molecules were carried out at the same concentrations and times used in the single treatments.

Naselli F., Cardinale P.S., Volpes S., Martino C., Cruciata I., Valenti R., Luparello C., Caradonna F, & Chiarelli R. (2024). An alternative approach of TUNEL assay to specifically characterize DNA fragmentation in cell model systems. Histochemistry and Cell Biology, 162(5), 429-442.

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4

Homocysteine Metabolite Effects on HUVEC

2024

Human primary umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC; ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA, Cat. # PCS-100-013) were seeded in 25-cm² flasks in Vascular Cell Basal Medium (ATCC, Cat. # PCS-100-030) supplemented with 5% FBS, Endothelial Cell Growth Kit-VEGF (ATCC), antibiotics (penicillin/streptomycin) (MilliporeSigma, Saint Louis, MO, USA), and grown in 5% CO₂ atmosphere at 37 °C.
For the Hcy metabolite treatment experiments, HUVEC monolayers were trypsinized, washed with PBS, seeded in 6-well plates (100,000 cells/well), and grown as above. After cells reached 70–80% confluency, the monolayers were washed with PBS (2-times) and overlaid with M199 medium without methionine (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA) and with 5% dialyzed fetal bovine serum (FBS; Millipore Sigma). Cell cultures were treated with N-Hcy-protein (prepared as described in Ref.^{11 (link)}), L-Hcy-thiolactone, or D,L-Hcy (Millipore Sigma) (at concentrations based on earlier work^{10 (link),11 (link)} and indicated in the figures) and incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO₂ for 24 h; cells from untreated cultures were used as controls. These concentrations reflect levels of these metabolites in mice and humans (reviewed in Ref.^{7 (link)}).
For the miR inhibition studies, HUVEC were transfected in Opti-MEM medium (Thermo Scientific) with 0.5 nM specific miR inhibitors (MH10203 for hsa-miR-22-3p or MH13382 for hsa-miR-1229-3p; Thermo Scientific) or 0.5 nM mirVana™ miR Mimic, Negative Control #1 (Thermo Scientific) as a control using Lipofectamine RNAiMax. After a 4-h-incubation, cell monolayers were washed with PBS (2-times), overlaid with M199 medium without methionine (Thermo Scientific) containing 5% dialyzed FBS (Millipore Sigma), and treated with D, L-Hcy, L-Hcy-thiolactone (Millipore Sigma), or N-Hcy-protein as above.

Witucki Ł, & Jakubowski H. (2024). Homocysteine metabolites inhibit autophagy by upregulating miR-21-5p, miR-155-5p, miR-216-5p, and miR-320c-3p in human vascular endothelial cells. Scientific Reports, 14, 7151.

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5

Astrocyte and Cancer Cell Culture

2024

Clone-7 astrocytes cells were obtained by limited dilution technique starting from primary astrocytes, isolated as previously described (Caradonna et al. 2020) (link).
Cells were cultured with Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium (DMEM) high glucose (Sigma-Aldrich, D6429, USA) and F-12 K (Corning, 10-025-CV, USA) in a 2:1 ratio, enriched with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM lglutamine (Sigma-Aldrich, G7513, USA), and antibiotics penicillin/streptomycin 1% (Sigma-Aldrich, P4333, USA), until subconfluent, changing the culture medium approximately every 2 days and keeping cells at 37 °C in a controlled atmosphere (5% CO 2 ).
Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were obtained from the American Type Culture Collection (Rockville, Md., USA) and cultured in DMEM (Sigma-Aldrich, D6429, USA) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, 2 mM l-glutamine (Sigma, Life Science, G7513, U.K), and antibiotics penicillin/streptomycin 1% (Sigma-Aldrich, P4333, USA), and were maintained at 37 °C in 5% CO 2 and 95% humidity. Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines were cultured as previously described (Naselli et al. 2015; (link)Luparello et al. 2019) (link).
To identify potential modulatory effects on DNA fragmentation, clone-7 astrocytes and Caco-2 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with doxorubicin and resveratrol, solubilized in DMSO verifying that the vehicle volume was always less than 0.01% of the cell medium to avoid self-effect on the biological and epigenetic/molecular endpoints (Galvao et al. 2014) (link).
The selected concentration of resveratrol for each cell line was 50 μM, chosen as it is under the IC 50 reported in the literature (Lin et al. 2014; (link)Liu et al. 2014; (link)Gomes et al. 2019 (link)Gomes et al. , 2020;; (link)Jadid et al. 2021; (link)Volpes et al. 2023) . The treatment extended for 48 h. Clone-7 astrocytes and Caco-2 cells were also treated with 1 μM doxorubicin for 48 h (Jadid et al. 2021; (link)Maszczyk et al. 2022) (link), unlike MDA-MB-231 cells that were treated for 48 h with 0.6 μM doxorubicin chosen as it is under the IC 50 reported in the literature (Sadeghi-Aliabadi et al. 2012 (link)).
Combined treatments with both selected molecules were carried out at the same concentrations and times used in the single treatments.

Naselli F., Cardinale P.S., Volpes S., Martino C., Cruciata I., Valenti R., Luparello C., Caradonna F, & Chiarelli R. (2024). An alternative approach of TUNEL assay to specifically characterize DNA fragmentation in cell model systems. Histochemistry and cell biology.

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Antibiotics penicillin streptomycin

Lab products found in correlation

Market Availability & Pricing

Spelling variants (same manufacturer)

Similar products (other manufacturers)

Product FAQ

17 protocols using «antibiotics penicillin streptomycin»

PMMA-Hydroxyapatite Composite Synthesis

Cytotoxicity Assay of Breast and Liver Cancer Cells

Astrocytes, Caco-2, and MDA-MB-231 Cell Treatments

Homocysteine Metabolite Effects on HUVEC

Astrocyte and Cancer Cell Culture

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