Aluminium trichloride

Organic solvents used for extraction were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia). Other chemicals and standards of analytical grade or higher were also sourced from Sigma Aldrich, such as 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2′-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 3-(2-Pyridyl)-5,4,4-dimethoxybenzaldehyde,4-triazine-p,5,6-diphenyl-1,6-hydroxy-2,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ), 7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid (Trolox), aluminium trichloride, anhydrous sodium carbonate, catechin hydrate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA-Na₂), ferrous chloride, Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, gallic acid monohydrate, phloroglucinol, potassium persulfate, p’-disulfonic acid monosodium salt hydrate (Ferrozine), sodium acetate, trisodium phosphate, and quercetin. HPLC grade standards including phloroglucinol, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, synaptic acid, catechin, epicatechin, and epigallocatechin were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Castle Hill, NSW, Australia). Vanillin was obtained from Chem-Supply Pty Let., Adelaide, SA, Australia. The Milli-Q water used was obtained from Millipore Milli-Q Gradient Water Purification System (Darmstadt, Germany).

The polyphenolic standards (gallic acid, hydrated quercetin-3-rutinoside), H₂O₂, ABTS peroxidase and trolox were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Berlin, Germany). The reagents (Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium trichloride, acetate of sodium) were provided by Sigma-Aldrich (Berlin, Germany), and the other solvents were obtained from Panreac (Barcelona, Spain), and Lab-Scan (Warsaw, Poland).

All analytical grades of dissolvent, reagents and pure phenolic compounds such as Methanol, Folin–Ciocalteu Reagent, sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃), Aluminium Trichloride (AlCl₃), Hydrochloric Acid (HCl), Gallic Acid (C₇H₆O₅), Catechin (C₁₅H₁₄O₆), Quercetin (C₁₅H₁₀O₇), Vanillin (C₈H₈O₃), Sodium Phosphate Monobasic (NaH₂PO₄), Sodium Dibasic Phosphate (Na₂HPO₄), Sulfuric Acid (H₂SO₄), Potassium persulfate (K₂S₂O₈), Iron chloride (II) (FeCl₂), Iron Trichloride (FeCl₃), Ammonium acetate, Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), Potassium Hydroxide (KOH), 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picryl- hydrazyl (DPPH), β-carotene, Linoleic Acid, Tween 40, Trichlo-roacetic acid (TCA), Potassium ferricyanide (K₃Fe[CN]₆), Ammonium molybdate (NH₄) ₂MoO₄, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) type VI-S from electric eel < 1000 U/mg solid, Acetylcholine iodide (ACI), 5,50-dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB), Carragenean, Indometacin, Omepazole, Galanthamine, Butylated hydroxytoluene BHT (C₁₅H₂₄O), Butylate hydroxyanisole BHA (C₁₁H₁₆O₂) and Ascorbic Acid (C₆H₈O₆) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and Fluka.