Of the diglycolamide extractants, TODGA (>99%) was acquired from Inabata Pharmasynthese S.A.S. (Saint-Pierre-Les-Elbeuf, France), iPDdDGA (>99%) was acquired from Diverchim CDMO (Roissy-en-France, France), and N,N-piperdinyl-N′,N′-didodecyldiglycolamide (pipDdDGA, see Fig. 3f ) (>95%) was acquired from AtlanChim pharma (Saint-Herblain, France). The remaining extractants were synthesized according to literature.30 A detailed synthesis procedure, as well as characterization data, can be found in the ESI (see S1).† 2-Methyltetrahydrofuran (>99.0%), dipropylamine (synthesis grade), dibutylamine (synthesis grade), diisobutylamine (99%), and 1-octanol (ACS grade) were acquired from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). Didodecylamine (>97.0%) and dipentylamine (>98.0%) were acquired from TCI Europe N.V. (Paris, France). The coupling agent (1-cyano-2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylideneaminooxy)di-methylamino-morpholino-carbenium hexafluorophosphate (COMU) (98%) was acquired from Apollo Scientific (Manchester, UK). Diglycolic anhydride (>97.0%) and n-dodecane were acquired from Thermo Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA). HNO3 solutions were prepared from 68% Normapur grade HNO3 acquired from VWR (Radnor, PA, USA). SO3-Ph-BTBP (>98%) was acquired in free acid form from Technocomm Ltd (Edinburgh, UK).
1 octanol
Manufactured by Merck Group
298 citations
Sourced in United States, Germany, United Kingdom, China, Spain, India, Singapore, Sao Tome and Principe, Macao, Switzerland, Australia
About the product
1-octanol is a chemical compound that is a primary alcohol with the molecular formula C8H18O. It is a colorless liquid with a mild, somewhat pleasant odor. 1-octanol has a variety of industrial and laboratory applications, including use as a solvent, emulsifier, and chemical intermediate.
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Market Availability & Pricing
1-Octanol is an organic solvent commercially available through Merck Group and its authorized distributors. The pricing varies depending on packaging size and specific distributor, but a 1-liter bottle is typically priced around $95 plus VAT. A 2.5-liter bottle can also be purchased from authorized resellers for approximately $160.
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Check compatibility
298 protocols using «1 octanol»
1
Synthesis and Characterization of Diglycolamide Extractants
2
Procurement and Characterization of Aroma Standards
The following aroma standards
were obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK): 2-butyl-2-octenal >95% (which
was determined to be ∼96% (E)-2-butyl-2-octenal
via 1H NMR) (CAS RN 13019-16-4), hexanal >97% (CAS RN
66-25-1),
pentanal 97% (CAS RN 110-62-3), methional >95% (CAS RN 3268–49-3),
1-octen-3-one >95% (CAS RN 4312-99-6), (E)-2-octenal
>95% (CAS RN 2548-87-0), dimethyl trisulfide >95% (CAS RN 3658-80-8),
nonanal >95% (CAS RN 124-19-6), 1-octanol >97% (CAS RN 111-87-5),
acetophenone >99% (CAS RN 98-86-2), 2-nonanone 99% (CAS RN 821-55-6),
2-ethyl-1-hexanol >99% (CAS RN 104-76-7), (E)-2-decenal
97% (CAS RN 3913-81-3), and redistilled diethyl ether >99.5% (CAS
RN 60-29-7). Potassium hydroxide (CAS RN-1310-58-3) and ethanol 99%
(CAS RN 64-17-5) were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough,
UK). Saturated alkane standards were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
3-Methyl-2-butene-1-thiol (CAS RN 5287-45-6) was purchased as a capsule
from FlavorActiv (Thame, UK).
were obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich (Gillingham, UK): 2-butyl-2-octenal >95% (which
was determined to be ∼96% (E)-2-butyl-2-octenal
via 1H NMR) (CAS RN 13019-16-4), hexanal >97% (CAS RN
66-25-1),
pentanal 97% (CAS RN 110-62-3), methional >95% (CAS RN 3268–49-3),
1-octen-3-one >95% (CAS RN 4312-99-6), (E)-2-octenal
>95% (CAS RN 2548-87-0), dimethyl trisulfide >95% (CAS RN 3658-80-8),
nonanal >95% (CAS RN 124-19-6), 1-octanol >97% (CAS RN 111-87-5),
acetophenone >99% (CAS RN 98-86-2), 2-nonanone 99% (CAS RN 821-55-6),
2-ethyl-1-hexanol >99% (CAS RN 104-76-7), (E)-2-decenal
97% (CAS RN 3913-81-3), and redistilled diethyl ether >99.5% (CAS
RN 60-29-7). Potassium hydroxide (CAS RN-1310-58-3) and ethanol 99%
(CAS RN 64-17-5) were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Loughborough,
UK). Saturated alkane standards were also purchased from Sigma-Aldrich.
3-Methyl-2-butene-1-thiol (CAS RN 5287-45-6) was purchased as a capsule
from FlavorActiv (Thame, UK).
3
Extraction and Quantification of Bioactive Compounds in Food Matrices
All reagents and chemicals were of the analytical grade, GA (LogP 0.72), ChA (LogP − 0.27), 4-OH-BA (LogP 1.33), CA (LogP 1.53), CiA (LogP 2.14), and Aliquat®336 were obtained from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Pepsin, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium chloride, and sodium hydroxide were also purchased from Merck KGaA. 1-Octanol, methanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-pentanol, thymol, and 6-methyl coumarin were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Madrid, Spain). A deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared by mixing thymol and 6-methyl coumarin in a 2:1 molar ratio [31 (link)]. Daily working standard solutions were prepared by diluting stock solutions (6000 mg/L) of target analytes in methanol with highly pure deionized water obtained from a Milli-Q system (18.2 MΩ·cm, Millipore, Molsheim, France). It is important to mention that certain PPAs, such as CiA, possess very low solubility in water. Hence, a constant concentration of 7.5% (v/v) methanol was maintained in all working standards and real samples to ensure data reliability across all experiments.
To prevent salt-dependent µEME results, the conductivities of the standards were adjusted with 2 mol/L NaCl to match that of the gastric fluid (adjusted at pH 7.0 before analysis) at room temperature (25 °C). Conductometric measurements were performed using a COND 7 + conductometer equipped with the COND Cell model 2301 T (XS Instruments, Carpi, Italy). A calibration curve ranging from 0 to 200 mmol/L NaCl solutions was obtained with the equation and the determination coefficient (R2) of conductivity (µS/cm) = 71.7 [NaCl, mmol/L] + 151.2 and 0.9986, respectively. The conductivity of the pH 7.0 adjusted gastric fluid with NaOH prior to µEME was determined to be 8360 µS/cm at 25 °C, which was equivalent to that of 114.5 mmol/L NaCl. Therefore, 120 mmol/L NaCl was added to all standards as a matrix-matched modifier in preliminary investigations of experimental SIA-µEME parameters.
The physiologically based extraction medium to simulate the human gastric fluid was adapted from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications [32 ] by dissolving a metered amount of Pepsin (3.2 g) with an activity of 0.7 USP unit/mg in 0.7 mL concentrated HCl before making up to 1 L (final pH of ca. 1.4). This solution was transferred to a 2-L beaker and paddle-stirred with a speed of 500 rpm for 2 h at 37 °C. The real samples consisted of either 1 capsule of green coffee extract or 100 g of blueberry or eggplant purchased from the local market (Palma, Spain) and were subjected to the physiologically relevant extraction test using 1000 mL of the USP gastric fluid. Following gastric digestion, the pH of the samples was adjusted to 7.0 using a saturated NaOH solution. Samples were then filtered through polyvinylidene fluoride syringe filters (0.45 µm), prior to the D-µEME-HPLC-UV-Vis analysis.
To prevent salt-dependent µEME results, the conductivities of the standards were adjusted with 2 mol/L NaCl to match that of the gastric fluid (adjusted at pH 7.0 before analysis) at room temperature (25 °C). Conductometric measurements were performed using a COND 7 + conductometer equipped with the COND Cell model 2301 T (XS Instruments, Carpi, Italy). A calibration curve ranging from 0 to 200 mmol/L NaCl solutions was obtained with the equation and the determination coefficient (R2) of conductivity (µS/cm) = 71.7 [NaCl, mmol/L] + 151.2 and 0.9986, respectively. The conductivity of the pH 7.0 adjusted gastric fluid with NaOH prior to µEME was determined to be 8360 µS/cm at 25 °C, which was equivalent to that of 114.5 mmol/L NaCl. Therefore, 120 mmol/L NaCl was added to all standards as a matrix-matched modifier in preliminary investigations of experimental SIA-µEME parameters.
The physiologically based extraction medium to simulate the human gastric fluid was adapted from the United States Pharmacopeia (USP) specifications [32 ] by dissolving a metered amount of Pepsin (3.2 g) with an activity of 0.7 USP unit/mg in 0.7 mL concentrated HCl before making up to 1 L (final pH of ca. 1.4). This solution was transferred to a 2-L beaker and paddle-stirred with a speed of 500 rpm for 2 h at 37 °C. The real samples consisted of either 1 capsule of green coffee extract or 100 g of blueberry or eggplant purchased from the local market (Palma, Spain) and were subjected to the physiologically relevant extraction test using 1000 mL of the USP gastric fluid. Following gastric digestion, the pH of the samples was adjusted to 7.0 using a saturated NaOH solution. Samples were then filtered through polyvinylidene fluoride syringe filters (0.45 µm), prior to the D-µEME-HPLC-UV-Vis analysis.
4
Synthesis of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
2-propanol (≥99.5%) and phenol (99%) were purchased from Fisher Scientific Pte. Ltd. Iron (≥99%, reduced, fine powder), concentrated sulfuric acid (ACS reagent, 95.0–98.0%), concentrated hydrochloric acid (ACS reagent, 37%), potassium hydroxide (ACS reagent, ≥85%, pellets), isopropylamine (≥99.5%), acetone (anhydrous, ≥99.5%), cyclohexanol (99%), 1-butanol (99.8%), 1-hexanol (≥99%), 1-octanol (≥99%), 1-decanol (98%), and tert-butanol (≥99.5%) were provided by Sigma-Aldrich Pte. Ltd. (Singapore). Fe3O4 (≥97%) was purchased from Shanghai Macklin Biochemical Co., Ltd.
5
Nanoparticle Synthesis Protocol
Griseofulvin and dexamethasone were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid polymer was purchased from Polysciences Inc. (Warrington, PA, USA). Acetone was bought from Sigma Aldrich, and sulfuric acid and nitric acid were bought from Fisher Scientific supplier (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, MA, USA). The source of 1-Octanol was also Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), and the purified Milli-Q water was collected from NJIT York centers Milli-Q plus system.
Top 5 most cited protocols using «1 octanol»
1
Bacteriophage Purification Protocol
Crude bacterial lysates (5 ml–20 l) were filtered through membrane filters (0.22 μm) and supplemented by adding a 0.2 M solution of MgCl2 to the final concentration of 0.02 M. The filtrate was incubated at 4°C for 3–24 h. The organic solvent either 1-octanol or 1-butanol (Sigma-Aldrich) was added (about 40% v/v) to the bacterial lysate and shaken for 1–3 hours at room temperature. Then, the two-phase mixture was cooled to 4°C for 1–3 hours and separated (using separatory funnel for liter-scale, or centrifugation at 4000 × g, 10 min for smaller quantities). The collected aqueous phase was dialyzed (SERVA dialysis tubing MWCO 12–14 kDa) against 25% aqueous ethanol (5 × 4 h), and subsequently against aqueous 0.15 M NaCl sterile solution (4 × 4 h). After dialysis, bacteriophage lysate was passed through a Pellicon membrane (1000 kDa, composite regenerated cellulose, EMD Millipore). Both the fraction that did not pass through the membrane (bacteriophage concentrate) and the filtrate were collected. The endotoxin levels and phage lytic activity were determined for both fractions. (Fig. 1 )
Corresponding organizations : Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, Jan Długosz University
2
Octanol Solution for Worm Regeneration
+ Expand
Corresponding organizations : Tufts University, University Medical Center Groningen, Korea University, National Institute of Genetics
3
Compound Preparation and Quality Control
All compounds and quality controls (QCs) were obtained internally from Sample Management facilities as 10 mM stock solutions in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). DMSO was from Sigma-Aldrich (D2650), formic acid (FA) was of p.a. quality (e.g., Merck, Germany), acetonitrile (AcN) was of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade (e.g., Rathburn, Scotland), water was from a Milli-Q system (Millipore), and 1-Octanol was from Sigma-Aldrich (293245). Pipette tips for the Hamilton STARplus™ liquid handling robot were ZT-100-L-R (301-12-101; Genuine Axygen) and ZT-200-L-R (301-12-251; Genuine Axygen). Microplates and accessories were Nunc 2 mL polypropylene (PP)-based deep well plate (278752; Thermo Fisher Scientific), Nunc 1 mL 96-deep well PP Plate Natural (260252; Thermo Fisher Scientific), conical Nunc plates 0.45 mL/well (249944; Thermo Fisher Scientific), Nunc microplate lids (263339; Thermo Fisher Scientific), Nunc 96-well cap natural (276002; Thermo Fisher Scientific).
Corresponding organizations : AstraZeneca (Sweden), AstraZeneca (United Kingdom)
4
Aroma Compound Characterization Protocol
1,4-Cineole (98%), 1-decanol (99.9%), 1-hexanol (99.9%), 1-octanol (≥99%), 2-heptanone (99%), 2-nonanone (97%), 2-undecanone (97%), 3-hexen-1-ol (98%), 5-methyl-2-furfural, benzaldehyde (≥99.5%), camphor (99%), decanal (95%), diethyl succinate (≥99%), ethyl 2-methylbutanoate (99%), ethyl butanoate (99%), ethyl decanoate (≥98%), ethyl heptanoate (≥98%), ethyl hexanoate (99%), ethyl isobutanoate (≥98%), ethyl isovalerate (98%), ethyl nonanoate (≥98%), ethyl octanoate (99%), eucalyptol (99%), furfural (99%), hexyl acetate (98%), isoamyl acetate (≥99%), isoamyl alcohol (98%), limonene (99%), linalool oxide (97%), nonanal (≥95%), octanal (≥98%), phenylacetaldehyde (90%), phenylethyl acetate (99%), phenylethyl alcohol (99%), tartaric acid (≥99.5%), α-pinene (99%)), β-cyclocitral (90%), β-damascenone (≥98%), α-ionone (85%), and β-linalool (80%) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich (Madrid, Spain). Ethanol (99.9%) was purchased from ERBA Reagents (Val de Reuil, France).
Corresponding organizations : Universidade do Porto, Rede de Química e Tecnologia
5
Olfactory Associative Learning in Larval Drosophila
Preparation and treatment of petri dishes for the learning experiments are as detailed above, except that we use petri dishes of approximately 90 mm diameter (Sarstedt), filled uniformly either with 1% agarose only or with 1% agarose containing the reinforcer (+). As reinforcer, we use fructose or sucrose at the indicated concentrations.
Prior to the learning experiments, odor containers are prepared: 10 μl of odor substance is filled into each custom-made Teflon odor container (5 mm inner diameter with a lid perforated with seven 0.5-mm diameter holes). As odors, we use N-amyl acetate (AM, 99%; Merck, Hohenbrunn, Germany) and 1-octanol (OCT, 99%; Fluka/Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). We dilute AM 1:250 in paraffin oil (Merck).
Immediately before the experiment starts, dishes are covered with modified lids perforated in the center by 15 holes with 1 mm diameter to improve aeration. To start training, 30 larvae are placed in the middle of a reinforcer-added dish with 2 odor containers on opposite sides (7 mm from the edges), both filled with AM. After 5 min, larvae are displaced onto an agarose-only dish with 2 odor containers, this time both filled with OCT, where they also spend 5 min. Three such AM+/OCT training cycles are performed, each using fresh dishes. Along repetitions of the experiment, in half of the cases training starts with a reinforcer-added dish (AM+/OCT for all three training cycles) and in the other half with an agarose-only dish (OCT/AM+ for all three training cycles). Consequently, in half of the cases AM is present in the first trial, whereas in the other half the first trial involves OCT. Once this AM+/OCT training is completed, larvae are transferred to the middle of a fresh agarose-only dish with 2 odor containers, this time filled with OCT on one side and AM on the opposite side to create a choice situation. After 3 min, the number of larvae on each half of the dish is recorded and an olfactory preference (PREF) is calculated as Again, # indicates the number of larvae observed on the respective half of the dish. PREF values are bound between 1 and −1, positive values indicating preference for and negative values avoidance of AM.
For each group of larvae trained AM+/OCT, a second group is trained reciprocally: AM/OCT+. Associative learning shall result in a stronger preference for AM after AM+/OCT training than after AM/OCT+ training. This difference is quantified by the learning index (LI) as Here, PREFAM+/OCT is the AM preference of the AM+/OCT group and PREFAM/OCT+ is that of the reciprocally trained AM/OCT+ group. The LI is a pure measure of associative learning because it measures the difference in preference between 2 groups trained reciprocally, but otherwise treated the same (i.e., with respect to handling, exposure to odors, and the reinforcer). LI values are bound between 1 and −1, positive values indicating approach toward the reinforcer-paired odor (appetitive learning) and negative values avoidance from the reinforced odor (aversive learning).
Prior to the learning experiments, odor containers are prepared: 10 μl of odor substance is filled into each custom-made Teflon odor container (5 mm inner diameter with a lid perforated with seven 0.5-mm diameter holes). As odors, we use N-amyl acetate (AM, 99%; Merck, Hohenbrunn, Germany) and 1-octanol (OCT, 99%; Fluka/Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany). We dilute AM 1:250 in paraffin oil (Merck).
Immediately before the experiment starts, dishes are covered with modified lids perforated in the center by 15 holes with 1 mm diameter to improve aeration. To start training, 30 larvae are placed in the middle of a reinforcer-added dish with 2 odor containers on opposite sides (7 mm from the edges), both filled with AM. After 5 min, larvae are displaced onto an agarose-only dish with 2 odor containers, this time both filled with OCT, where they also spend 5 min. Three such AM+/OCT training cycles are performed, each using fresh dishes. Along repetitions of the experiment, in half of the cases training starts with a reinforcer-added dish (AM+/OCT for all three training cycles) and in the other half with an agarose-only dish (OCT/AM+ for all three training cycles). Consequently, in half of the cases AM is present in the first trial, whereas in the other half the first trial involves OCT. Once this AM+/OCT training is completed, larvae are transferred to the middle of a fresh agarose-only dish with 2 odor containers, this time filled with OCT on one side and AM on the opposite side to create a choice situation. After 3 min, the number of larvae on each half of the dish is recorded and an olfactory preference (PREF) is calculated as Again, # indicates the number of larvae observed on the respective half of the dish. PREF values are bound between 1 and −1, positive values indicating preference for and negative values avoidance of AM.
For each group of larvae trained AM+/OCT, a second group is trained reciprocally: AM/OCT+. Associative learning shall result in a stronger preference for AM after AM+/OCT training than after AM/OCT+ training. This difference is quantified by the learning index (LI) as Here, PREFAM+/OCT is the AM preference of the AM+/OCT group and PREFAM/OCT+ is that of the reciprocally trained AM/OCT+ group. The LI is a pure measure of associative learning because it measures the difference in preference between 2 groups trained reciprocally, but otherwise treated the same (i.e., with respect to handling, exposure to odors, and the reinforcer). LI values are bound between 1 and −1, positive values indicating approach toward the reinforcer-paired odor (appetitive learning) and negative values avoidance from the reinforced odor (aversive learning).
Corresponding organizations : University of Würzburg, Universität Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf
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