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Progesterone

Manufactured by Cayman Chemical
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Progesterone is a steroid hormone that plays a crucial role in the female reproductive system. It is a laboratory product used for research and analysis purposes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Estradiol, by Cayman Chemical (4 mentions) Testosterone, by Cayman Chemical (2 mentions) Fluo 4 am, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Ionomycin, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) Fluo 4 am, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Nh4cl, by Carl Roth (1 mentions) Pluronic f 127, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Fluostar omega, by BMG Labtech (1 mentions) Thrombin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sb202190, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Human tgf β1, by R&D Systems (1 mentions) Ab34710, by Abcam (1 mentions) Ab7291, by Abcam (1 mentions) Basic fibroblast growth factor (bfgf), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Human egf, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Estrogen, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) Pd98059, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sp600125, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tnf α, by R&D Systems (1 mentions) Tgf β3, by ProSpec (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Progesterone ELISA Kit (12 citations) Progesterone EIA kit (4 citations)

12 protocols using progesterone

1

Measuring Sperm Calcium Dynamics

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Changes in [Ca2+]i were measured in swim-up sperm (in HTF+) loaded with the Ca2+ indicator Fluo-4-AM (Thermo Fisher Scientific) in 384 multi-well plates in a fluorescence plate reader (Fluostar Omega, BMG Labtech) at 30°C as described previously (47 (link), 54 (link), 67 (link)). Briefly, sperm were loaded with Fluo-4-AM (5 μM, 20 minutes) at 37°C in the presence of Pluronic F-127 (Sigma-Aldrich; 0.05% w/v). After incubation, excess dye was removed by centrifugation (700g, 5 minutes, room temperature). Sperm were resuspended in HTF at a density of 5 × 106 cells/mL, and wells were filled with 54 μL of the suspension; Fluo-4 was excited at 480 nm, and emission was recorded at 520 nm. Changes in fluorescence were converted to changes in ΔF/F0 (%), indicating the percentage change in fluorescence (ΔF) with respect to the mean basal fluorescence (F0) before application of buffer or stimuli. ΔF/F0 (%) changes evoked by progesterone, PGE1 (Cayman Chemical), or NH4Cl (Carl Roth) were normalized to the maximal increase in ΔF/F0 (%) evoked by ionomycin (Cayman Chemical).
Young S., Schiffer C., Wagner A., Patz J., Potapenko A., Herrmann L., Nordhoff V., Pock T., Krallmann C., Stallmeyer B., Röpke A., Kierzek M., Biagioni C., Wang T., Haalck L., Deuster D., Hansen J.N., Wachten D., Risse B., Behre H.M., Schlatt S., Kliesch S., Tüttelmann F., Brenker C, & Strünker T. (2024). Human fertilization in vivo and in vitro requires the CatSper channel to initiate sperm hyperactivation. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 134(1), e173564.
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2

Trophoblastic Differentiation Biomarkers

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The media from trophoblastic differentiation were collected on days 0, 2, 4, 7, 12, and 14, and were examined for the presence of β-HCG (IBL international GmbH, Hamburg, Germany), estradiol, and progesterone (Cayman Chemical Company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA) using enzyme immunoassays.
Chuang C.Y., Huang M.C., Chen H.F., Tseng L.H., Yu C.Y., Stone L., Huang H.P., Ho H.N, & Kuo H.C. (2015). Granulosa cell-derived induced pluripotent stem cells exhibit pro-trophoblastic differentiation potential. Stem Cell Research & Therapy, 6(1), 14.
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3

Profibrotic Factors Regulation of Fibrosis

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Human EGF and bFGF were from Thermo Fisher Scientific (NY, USA). Human TGFβ1 and TNF-α were from R&D systems, Inc. (MN, USA). Human TGFβ2 and TGFβ3 were from Prospec-Tany TechnoGene Ltd. (East Brunswick, NJ, USA). Thrombin, PD98059, SB202190, SP600125 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Chemical Co. (St Louis, MO, USA). Human recombinant VEGF was purchased from Prospect Biotech (Rehovot, Israel). Estrogen and progesterone were purchased from Cayman Chemical Co. (Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA). Recombinant human CTGF was obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific eBioscience (Waltham, MA, USA). The antibodies (Abs) raised against vimentin (sc-6260), HSP47 (sc-8352) and phospho-Smad2/3 (sc-11769) were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology Inc. (Dallas, TX, USA). The Ab for total Smad2/3 (#3102) was purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc. (Danvers, Massachusetts, USA). The Ab for α-SMA (GTX100034) was purchased from GeneTex (Hsinchu City, Taiwan). The Abs for collagen (ab34710), CTGF (ab6992) and α-tubulin (ab7291) were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, MA). TGFβ isoforms were dissolved in 4 mM HCl/0.1% BSA (vehicle).
Cheong M.L., Lai T.H, & Wu W.B. (2019). Connective tissue growth factor mediates transforming growth factor β-induced collagen expression in human endometrial stromal cells. PLoS ONE, 14(1), e0210765.
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4

Quantification of Cellular Analytes by ELISA

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ELISA kits were used to quantify medium concentrations of progesterone (Cayman Chemical Co., Ann Arbor, MI), LDH (Roche, Manheim, Germany) and hCG (DRG International, Mountainside, NJ), according to the manufacturers’ instructions. These assays were performed in duplicate for each sample, with intra-assay coefficients of variation consistently below 5%. The LDH assay measures cytotoxicity by quantifying LDH released into cell medium. LDH catalyzes conversion of lactate to pyruvate which leads to the reduction of the tetrazolium salt INT to form the water-soluble dye formazan, which is measured colorimetrically. LDH values are expressed as a percentage, where untreated cells represent 0% cytotoxicity and cells treated with lysis buffer containing Triton X-100 detergent represent 100% cell lysis. The progesterone and hCG assays rely on standards for establishment of optical density-concentration curves. Following a series of titrated dilutions, all quantified progesterone and hCG concentrations fell between the 20th and 80th percentile of standard concentration curves. Assays were performed after 48 h in culture.
Larkin J.C., Sears S.B, & Sadovsky Y. (2014). The influence of ligand-activated LXR on primary human trophoblasts. Placenta, 35(11), 919-924.
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5

Serum Hormone Quantification Protocol

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Serum samples were thawed and simultaneously run for all determinations of sex hormone levels to reduce freeze/thaw cycles. ELISA assays were run according to manufacturer protocols for Estradiol (undiluted, sensitivity: 10pg/ml) (Abnova, Taipei, Taiwan), Testosterone (undiluted, sensitivity: 0.0083 ng/ml) (Abcam, Cambridge, UK), Progesterone (1:200 dilution, sensitivity 10pg/ml)) (Cayman Chemical, Ann Arbor, MI) and DHEA-S (1:200 dilution, sensitivity 90pg/ml)) (Life technologies, Carlsbad, CA). If needed, values below the range of detection were reported as the lowest value detectable.
Jones J.M., Smith F., Littlejohn E, & Jorgensen T.N. (2022). Lack of Association Between Sex Hormones, MDSCs, LDGs and pDCs in Males and Females With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Frontiers in Immunology, 13, 888501.
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6

Evaluating Granulosa Cell Signaling

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DEHP (analytical standard), fibronectin, bovine serum albumin fraction V, Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle’s Medium/Nutrient Mixture F-12 Ham with L-glutamine and 15 mM HEPES (DMEM/F12), penicillin, streptomycin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), TRIzol Reagent, cholera toxin, forskolin, and recombinant human EGF were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich Company (Steinheim, Germany). The purified recombinant human FSH was from Serono (Randolph, MA, USA). The STAR and phospho-ERK1/2 antibodies were from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (Dallas, TX, USA). The phospho-CREB and GAPDH antibodies were from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA, USA). The CYP19A1 antibody was from Invitrogen (Waltham, MA, USA). The horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-linked secondary anti-rabbit antibody was from Bio-Rad (Hercules, CA, USA). The Power SYBR Green PCR Master Mix was from Applied Biosystems (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA, USA). The cAMP, Progesterone, and Estradiol ELISA Kits were purchased from Cayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI, USA).
Tesic B., Samardzija Nenadov D., Tomanic T., Fa Nedeljkovic S., Milatovic S., Stanic B., Pogrmic-Majkic K, & Andric N. (2023). DEHP Decreases Steroidogenesis through the cAMP and ERK1/2 Signaling Pathways in FSH-Stimulated Human Granulosa Cells. Cells, 12(3), 398.
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7

Hormone and Immune Marker Levels in Mice

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Testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, corticosterone, IgG, IgM, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels in mice sera were measured at the age of 14 weeks. Testosterone (R&D Systems, USA), estradiol (Cayman Chemical, USA), progesterone (Cayman Chemical, USA), corticosterone (ALPCO, USA), IgG (ICL, USA), IgM (ICL, USA), TNF-α (Anogen, Canada), IL-6 (Anogen, Canada) in sera were detected, respectively, by using the immunoassay kits according to the manufacturer's protocol.
Fan W., Xu Y., Liu Y., Zhang Z., Lu L, & Ding Z. (2018). Obesity or Overweight, a Chronic Inflammatory Status in Male Reproductive System, Leads to Mice and Human Subfertility. Frontiers in Physiology, 8, 1117.
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8

Hormone Modulation in Immature Rats

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Normal or hypohysectomized immature Wistar female rats (21–28 d old) were purchased from Japan SLC, Inc. (Shizuoka, Japan). At all times, animals were treated according to NIH guidelines. All animal experiments were approved by the institutional animal care and use committee of the University of Fukui and the Asahikawa Medical University. Animals were treated subcutaneously with 2 mg DES in 0.2 ml sesame oil once daily for 4 consecutive days. 15 IU hCG (Sankyo, Tokyo, Japan) was intraperitoneally injected at the same time as DES-treatment. After collection of serum and pituitary samples, serum concentrations of LH (Endocrine Technologies, Inc., Newark, CA, USA), FSH (Shibayagi Co, Ltd., Gunma, Japan), progesterone (Cayman Chemical Company, Ann Arbor, MI, USA), testosterone (Cayman Chemical Company), estradiol (Cayman Chemical Company) and pituitary LH concentrations (Shibayagi Co, Ltd) were determined by ELISA and EIA as described23 (link), 53 (link).
Imamichi Y., Sekiguchi T., Kitano T., Kajitani T., Okada R., Inaoka Y., Miyamoto K., Uwada J., Takahashi S., Nemoto T., Mano A., Khan M.R., Islam M.T., Yuhki K.I., Kashiwagi H., Ushikubi F., Suzuki N., Taniguchi T, & Yazawa T. (2017). Diethylstilbestrol administration inhibits theca cell androgen and granulosa cell estrogen production in immature rat ovary. Scientific Reports, 7, 8374.
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9

Integrated Biosensor for Hormone Detection

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Bare gold chips were purchased from HORIBA Scientific (France). Nanostrip was purchased from Cyantek (CA, USA). 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid, N-Hydroxysuccinimide, Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (Mw = 800) and Poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether thiol (Mw = 2000), extravidin, glycerol, ß-estradiol and acetonitrile were all purchased from Sigma Aldrich (PA, USA). 1-(3-Dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide Hydrochloride was purchased from TCI America (PA, USA). Phosphate Buffered Saline, sodium chloride, and bovine Albumin Serum were purchased from Fisher Scientific (PA, USA). Progesterone was purchased from Cayman Chemical Company (MI, USA). Progesterone X-aptamers were selected using the AM Biotechnologies X-Aptamer kit and were synthesized by AM Biotech. Biotin-labeled interleukin 6 (IL-6) aptamers were purchased from base pair biotechnologies (TX, USA). Near-infrared streptavidin coated quantum dots were purchased from life technologies (CA, USA).
Zeidan E., Shivaji R., Henrich V.C, & Sandros M.G. (2016). Nano-SPRi Aptasensor for the Detection of Progesterone in Buffer. Scientific Reports, 6, 26714.
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10

Sperm Motility Decay Kinetics

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Swim-up sperm in HTF+ were diluted tenfold in HTF+ or Ca2+-free HTF (HTF0Ca; [Ca2+]o < 20 nM), containing (in mM): 91.8 NaCl, 4.69 KCl, 0.2 MgSO4, 0.37 KH2PO4, 5 EGTA (Carl Roth), 0.33 Na-pyruvate, 21.4 lactic acid, 2.78 glucose, 25 NaHCO3, and 21 HEPES, adjusted to pH 7.35 with NaOH, supplemented with 3 mg/mL HSA. The fraction of motile sperm was monitored over time. The time constant, τ, of the motility decay was derived by nonlinear regression analysis using the 1-phase decay equation:where Y is the fraction of motile cells (%), Y0 is the initial fraction of motile cells (constrained to 100%), and x is the time. To study the role of CatSper, the buffer was fortified with progesterone (Cayman Chemical) or RU1968 (45 (link)).
Young S., Schiffer C., Wagner A., Patz J., Potapenko A., Herrmann L., Nordhoff V., Pock T., Krallmann C., Stallmeyer B., Röpke A., Kierzek M., Biagioni C., Wang T., Haalck L., Deuster D., Hansen J.N., Wachten D., Risse B., Behre H.M., Schlatt S., Kliesch S., Tüttelmann F., Brenker C, & Strünker T. (2024). Human fertilization in vivo and in vitro requires the CatSper channel to initiate sperm hyperactivation. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 134(1), e173564.
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