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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate 3 trihydrate

Manufactured by Merck Group
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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate is a chemical compound with the formula HAuCl4·3H2O. It is a yellow crystalline solid used as a precursor in the synthesis of various gold compounds and nanoparticles.

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Lab products found in correlation

Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (16 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (9 mentions) Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (8 mentions) Trisodium citrate, by Merck Group (8 mentions) Sodium citrate dihydrate, by Merck Group (6 mentions) Trisodium citrate dihydrate, by Merck Group (6 mentions) L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (5 mentions) Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (4 mentions) N hydroxysuccinimide, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Sodium citrate, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Tetraethyl orthosilicate, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Chitosan, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Phosphate buffered saline (pbs), by Merck Group (3 mentions) L glutathione reduced, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Absolute ethanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium borohydrate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Oleic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
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Spelling variants (same manufacturer)

Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate - 84 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate - 45 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) - 21 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O), - 18 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4) - 6 citations Tetrachloroaurate trihydrate - 5 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl - 2 citations

Similar products (other manufacturers)

Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (by Thermo Fisher Scientific) - 35 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (by Thermo Fisher Scientific) - 20 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) (by Thermo Fisher Scientific) - 16 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4) (by Thermo Fisher Scientific) - 4 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (by ABCR) - 2 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (by Adamas) - 2 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) (by Johnson Matthey) - 2 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (by ProSciTech) - 2 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4) (by ABCR) - 2 citations Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3 H2O) (by Carl Roth) - 2 citations

The spelling variants listed below correspond to different ways the product may be referred to in scientific literature.
These variants have been automatically detected by our extraction engine, which groups similar formulations based on semantic similarity.

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89 protocols using «hydrogen tetrachloroaurate 3 trihydrate»

1

Synthesis and Evaluation of Gold Nanoparticles for Cancer Therapy

2025
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4.3H2O, 99.5% purity), Poly (ethylene glycol) PEG (H (OCH2CH2)nOH, average mol wt. 4,000), and sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) were procured from Merck, Germany. Gemcitabine (Gem), dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), trypsin/EDTA, phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were procured from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany). Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM), antibiotic-antimycotic, and fetal bovine serum (FBS) were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island, NY). The Annexin V– fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)/propidium iodide (PI) kit was purchased from Mahboub Bio Research Co™ (Tehran, Iran).
Salarvand A., Shanei A., Hejazi S.H., Abedi I, & Kakhki N.A. (2025). In vitro Investigation of Radiotherapy along with Gemcitabine Loaded PEG Gold Nanoparticles Against MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. Advanced Biomedical Research, 14, 12.
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2

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles

2025
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate
(III) trihydrate(HAuCl4·3H2O), 99.99%),
hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, >95.0%), sodium citrate
tribasic dihydrate (CiNa3, 99.0%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99.99%), hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, >98.0%), l-ascorbic acid (AA ≥ 99.0%), silver nitrate (AgNO3), hydrochloric acid (HCl), distilled ethanol (C2H5OH, >99.99%), and 4-aminothiophenol (p-NTP, grade
80.0%)
were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. All chemicals were used as
received without further purification. Ultrapure deionized water (Milli-Q,
18.2 MΩ·cm at 25 °C) was used in the experiment.
Nguyen A.L., Griffin Q.J., Wang A., Zou S, & Jing H. (2025). Optimization of the Surfactant Ratio in the Formation of Penta-Twinned Seeds for Precision Synthesis of Gold Nanobipyramids with Tunable Plasmon Resonances. The Journal of Physical Chemistry. C, Nanomaterials and Interfaces, 129(8), 4303-4312.
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3

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles

2025
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, ≥ 49.0 Au basis) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99.99% Ag basis), Cupric chloride (CuCl2, 99.99%), 3-Mercaptopropionic acid (MPA, 99%), Sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 96%), Hydrochloric acid (12 M), Zinc acetate (99.995% metals basis), Cerium(III) nitrate hexahydrate (99.99%), Praseodymium(III) chloride hexahydrate (99.99%), Neodymium nitrate hexahydrate (99.99%), Samarium(III) chloride (98%), Europium(III) nitrate hydrate (99.99%), terbium nitrate hexahydrate (99.99%), Dysprosium nitrate hexahydrate (99.99%), Holmium(III) chloride (99.99%), Erbium(III) nitrate hexahydrate (99.99%), Thulium nitrate hexahydrate (9.99%), Yttrium(III) nitrate tetrahydrate (99.99%) were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co. (Shanghai, China); All chemicals were used as received without additional purification.
Wang X., Zhong Y., Li T., Wang K., Dong W., Lu M., Zhang Y., Wu Z., Tang A, & Bai X. (2025). Sequential addition of cations increases photoluminescence quantum yield of metal nanoclusters near unity. Nature Communications, 16, 587.
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4

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles

2025
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, ≥ 49.0 Au basis) was purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99.99% metals basis), copper(II) chloride (CuCl2, 99.99% metals basis), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA, 99%), sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 96%), and zinc acetate (99.995% metals basis) were purchased from Aladdin Reagent Co. (Shanghai, China). Potassium bromide (99%) was purchased from Energy Chemical (Shanghai, China). All chemicals were used as received without additional purification. Ultrapure Millipore water (18.2 MΩ) was used throughout the experiments to dissolve regents and as reaction media.
Zhong Y., Wang X., Huang Z., Wei Y., Tang Q., Gu S., Li T., Dong W., Jiang F., Zhu H., Shi Y., Zhou Z., Zhang Y., Bai X, & Wu Z. (2025). Lighting up metal nanoclusters by the H2O-dictated electron relaxation dynamics. Nature Communications, 16, 2295.
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5

Flavocytochrome b2 Isolation and Purification

2024
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate, chloroplatinic(IV) acid, sodium salt of L-Lactic acid, ascorbic acid, K3(Fe(CN)6), phenazine methosulfate (PMS), Nafion (5% solution in 90% low-chain aliphatic alcohols), and all other reagents and solvents used in this work were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Steinheim, Germany). All chemicals were of analytical grade and were used without additional purification. All solutions were prepared using ultrapure water obtained with the Milli-Q® IQ 7000Water. Purification system (Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany).
Flavocytochrome b2 (Fcb2, EC 1.1.2.3) was isolated and purified from the wild strain of thermotolerant methylotrophic yeast O. polymorpha 356 up to the specific activity 16 U mg−1 and stored as a suspension in 70%-saturated ammonium sulfate at –10 °C as described in detail earlier [4 ,45 (link)].
Gayda G., Demkiv O., Stasyuk N., Boretsky Y., Gonchar M, & Nisnevitch M. (2024). Peroxidase-like Nanoparticles of Noble Metals Stimulate Increasing Sensitivity of Flavocytochrome b2-Based L-Lactate Biosensors. Biosensors, 14(11), 562.
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Top 5 protocols citing «hydrogen tetrachloroaurate 3 trihydrate»

1

Myelin Staining of Rostral Nucleus Tractus Solitarius

Cited 3 times
To ensure consistency in identification of morphological landmarks, following processing and mounting, selected sections were stained using the myelin stain hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, Schmued, 1990 (link); Corson and Hill, 2011 (link)). Following dH2O rinsing, slides were immersed in 0.2% hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate dissolved in 0.02 M PBS (pH 7.4) for 4 hours. Slides were rinsed, placed in 2.5% sodium thiosulfate for 5 minutes, then immersed for 30 minutes in running dH2O. After drying, tissue was immersed in xylenes for 5 minutes and coverslipped with DPX mounting medium.
Data were collected using a brightfield microscope and Neurolucida software (MBF Bioscience) by a single, trained, researcher blind to conditions. A grid of 250 μm X 250 μm squares was used to determine and trace the rNTS, defined as the rostral-most one-third of the entire length of the NTS (Corson and Hill, 2011 (link)). The rNTS was subdivided into contiguous dorsal, intermediate, and ventral zones (Fig. 2) each consisting of 4 sections, similar to previous research (May and Hill, 2006 (link); Sollars et al., 2006 (link); Corson and Hill, 2011 (link)). The most prominent landmarks are contained within the intermediate zone. Thus, the first area identified in each brain was the intermediate zone, which is characterized by the visually distinct solitary tract passing in a rostral-to-caudal extent through the medial NTS. The facial nucleus in these sections was large and distinct. The dorsal zone was defined as the sections starting 40 μm through 160 μm dorsal to the intermediate zone. This area contained sections where the fourth ventricle was at its largest medial-lateral extent. The facial nucleus was visible, though smaller than in the intermediate zone sections, and the solitary tract was limited to the lateral side of the NTS. The ventral zone was defined as the sections starting 40 μm through 160 μm ventral to the intermediate zone. Relative to the intermediate zone, the fourth ventricle was smaller or not present and contained sections in which the NTS extended more rostrally than in the other zones.
Riquier A.J, & Sollars S.I. (2017). Microglia Density Decreases in the Rat Rostral Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Across Development and Increases in an Age-Dependent Manner Following Denervation. Neuroscience, 355, 36-48.
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2

Electrochemical Lactate Biosensor Development

Cited 1 time
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O, ≥99.9% trace metals basis) and l-(+)-lactic acid lithium salt 97% were obtained from Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI, USA). Lactate oxidase (LOx, EC 232-841-6 from Pediococcus species) lyophilized powder was obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). Stock solutions were prepared 200 U·mL−1 in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) and stored at −30 °C. Under these conditions, the enzymatic activities remain stable for several weeks. The enzymatic assay kit for lactate determination (K-LATE 07/14) was purchased from Megazyme (Ireland). Other chemicals used in this work were reagent grade quality and used as received without further purification. MilliQ water (Millipore®, Darmstadt, Germany) was used throughout.
N,N′-Bis(3,4-dihydroxybenzylidene)-1,2-diaminobenzene (3,4DHS) was prepared as previously reported [35 (link)] by condensation of 1,2-phenylendiamine with the 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde isomer in a 1:2 molar stoichiometric ratio. The resulting compound was recrystallized from hot methanol. Stock solutions of 3,4DHS (typically 2.0 mM) were prepared just prior to use by dissolving the solid in dimethylformamide.
All electrochemical measurements were carried out using an Autolab potentiostat/galvanostat type PGSTAT 302N (Eco Chemie, Utrecht, The Netherlands) using the software package GPES 4.9. Integrated screen-printed carbon electrodes (4 mm diameter, SPCEs) from DropSens were used. They include a silver pseudoreference electrode and a carbon counter electrode. A 1.5 mL home-made glass electrochemical cell was employed to carry out the measurements. All experiments were carried out in 0.1 M phosphate buffer (pH 7.0) at 25 °C.
Bravo I., Revenga-Parra M., Pariente F, & Lorenzo E. (2017). Reagent-Less and Robust Biosensor for Direct Determination of Lactate in Food Samples. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 17(1), 144.
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3

Cytotoxicity Evaluation of N. kaouthia Venom

Cited 1 time
Acrylamide, bis Acrylamide, Coomassie brilliant blue, 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), ethidium bromide, RNase A, sodium borohydrate, carboxymethyl (CM) cellulose, propium iodide, acridine orange, trypan blue, hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate, and de-methoxy sulphoxide (DMSO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. (St. Louis, MO, USA). RPMI1640 medium, fetal bovine serum, and penicillium–streptomycin was purchased from Invitrogen (USA). Annexin V-FITC, cell cycle kit, FITC-5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine (BrdU) kit, and Ki-67 antihuman antibody kits were purchased from BD-Bioscience, USA. All other chemicals were purchased locally and were of analytical grade. Lyophilized N. kaouthia crude venom was purchased from Calcutta Snake Park, Kolkata, India.
Bhowmik T., Saha P.P., Dasgupta A, & Gomes A. (2013). Antileukemic potential of PEGylated gold nanoparticle conjugated with protein toxin (NKCT1) isolated from Indian cobra (Naja kaouthia) venom. Cancer Nanotechnology, 4(1-3), 39-55.
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4

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles

Cited 1 time
Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O), L-glutathione reduced form (GSH), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) from Sigma Aldrich; hydrochloric acid (HCl) from J. T. Baker; zinc chloride (ZnCl2), silver nitrate (AgNO3) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) from Merck; and cadmium chloride (CdCl2) from Strem were used as received without further purification. Ultrapure Milipore water (18.2 MΩ) was used in the preparation of all aqueous solutions. All glassware was washed with aqua regia and rinsed with ethanol and ultrapure water before use.
Yao Q., Luo Z., Yuan X., Yu Y., Zhang C., Xie J, & Lee J.Y. (2014). Assembly of Nanoions via Electrostatic Interactions: Ion-Like Behavior of Charged Noble Metal Nanoclusters. Scientific Reports, 4, 3848.
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5

Paclitaxel-Loaded PEG-Gold Nanoparticles for Breast Cancer Treatment

The chemical compounds used in this research include paclitaxel (Ectro Middle East Pharmaceutical Company), PEG (H(OCH2CH2)nOH, average mol wt. 8000), hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4.3H2O, 99.5% purity), and sodium citrate dihydrate (C6H5Na3O7.2H2O) were from Merck, Germany, and Fluka, Switzerland. Experiments were performed on the breast cancer MCF7 cell line obtained from the Pasteur Institute of Iran. Cell culture medium (Roswell Park Memorial Institute [RPMI]‐1640) was purchased from Grand Island Biological Company (Invitrogen, Germany). Trypsin‐ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and penicillin‐streptomycin solution were purchased from Sigma‐Aldrich Corp.
The optical absorption spectrum of samples in different concentrations using a visible‐ultraviolet light spectrophotometer manufactured by the company HACH, USA (model DR6000) was determined at wavelengths of 200–800 nm. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using a Zeiss EM 900 from Germany was used to investigate the morphology and size of nanoparticles. DLS dynamic light scattering device (DLS, ZS‐90) from Malvern Instruments, UK, measured the particle size distribution and hydrodynamic diameter of the particles and the electric charge of particles was measured using a zeta potential measuring device (Malvern Zetasizer Nano ZS‐90) also from Malvern Instruments, UK. The fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the samples were obtained on a Thermo Nicolet Avatar 370 FTIR spectrometer from Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA.
kharazmi A, & Attaran N. (2023). Evaluation of the parameters affecting the loading of anticancer drug Paclitaxel on coated gold nanoparticles for breast cancer treatment. IET Nanobiotechnology, 17(3), 234-245.
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