Aroclor 1260

Manufactured by AccuStandard

Sourced in United States

Aroclor 1260 is a polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) mixture produced by AccuStandard. It is a viscous, pale-colored liquid. Aroclor 1260 is used as a chemical standard and reference material for analytical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using Aroclor 1260

Biochemical Analysis of Pollutant Exposure

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Aroclor 1260 and PCB 126 were purchased from AccuStandard, Inc., (New
Haven, CT). RNA-STAT 60 was ordered from Amsbio., (Austin, TX) and
QuantiTect^® Reverse Transcription Kits were obtained from
Qiagen, (Valencia, CA). iTaq Universal Probes Supermix was supplied by Biorad,
(Hercules, CA). Taqman probes for real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)
and Infinity ™ Triglycerides were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific,
Inc., (Middletown, VA). Free fatty acids test kits were purchased from Roche
Dignostics, (Indianapolis, IN). Lipid panel plus kits were obtained from Abaxis,
(Union City, CA). The customized Milliplex ^® MAP Panels were
obtained from Millipore Corp, (Billerica, MA). The other reagents were obtained
from Sigma-Aldrich, (St. Louis, MO).

Shi H., Jan J., Hardesty J.E., Falkner K.C., Prough R.A., Balamurugan A.N., Mokshagundam S.P., Chari S.T, & Cave M.C. (2018). Polychlorinated biphenyl exposures differentially regulate hepatic metabolism and pancreatic function: Implications for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and diabetes. Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 363, 22-33.

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Dose-dependent Sturgeon Embryo Exposure

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Shortnose sturgeon embryos (n = 25/treatment group, 3 d
post-fertilization) were water-borne exposed for 24 hr in 25 ml of 1-ppt
artificial sea water in 100-ml glass beakers to graded doses of TCDD (nominal
doses of 0.0005 parts per billion (ppb), 0.005 ppb, 0.05 ppb, 0.5 ppb, 5 ppb and
50 ppb (AccuStandard; 99.1% purity)); PCB77 (nominal doses of 0.1 ppb, 1.0 ppb,
10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1000 ppb, and 10,000 ppb (AccuStandard; 99.7% purity)); PCB81
(nominal doses of 0.1 ppb, 1.0 ppb, 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1000 ppb, and 10,000 ppb
(AccusStandard 99.8% purity)); PCB126 (nominal doses of 0.1 ppb, 1.0 ppb, 10
ppb, 100 ppb, 1000 ppb, and 10,000 ppb (AccuStandard; 99.7% purity)); PCB169
(nominal doses of 0.1 ppb, 1.0 ppb, 10 ppb, 100 ppb, 1000 ppb, and 10,000 ppb
(AccuStandard; 99.0% purity)); and an Aroclor mixture of Aroclor 1248 (40%),
Aroclor 1254 (40%), and Aroclor 1260 (20%) (Accustandard) in acetone vehicle or
to acetone alone.
Shortnose sturgeon embryos were maintained in exposure water for 24 h at
12^oC after which they were rinsed and transferred to 750-ml Pyrex
dishes with 500 ml of clean 1 ppt seawater for rearing until hatch. Every 12 h,
dishes were cleaned of dead embryos, newly hatched larvae were removed, and an
80% percent water change was performed. Hatchlings were transferred and held
alive in beakers for 24 h, snap frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at
−80° C until RNA isolations.

Roy N.K., Torre M.D., Candelmo A., Chambers R.C., Habeck E, & Wirgin I. (2018). Characterization of AHR1 and its Functional Activity in Atlantic Sturgeon and Shortnose Sturgeon. Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 205, 25-35.

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Comprehensive Molecular Analysis of Cellular Response

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EGF was purchased from EMD Millipore. Aroclor 1260 was purchased from Accustandard. Glucose, pyruvate, LDH, SDS, and urea were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. H&E, CAE, and picrosirius red staining reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Lipid Panel Plus reagent discs were purchased from Abaxis. Triglyceride (TG) and cholesterol Infinity™ Liquid Reagents were purchased from Thermo Scientific. FFA detection kits were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The Plasma Cytokine kit was purchased from EMD Millipore. RNA-STAT 60 was purchased from Tel-Test. TaqMan probes were purchased from ThermoFisher. QuantaBio qScript cDNA synthesis reagent was purchased from QuantaBio. BioRad mastermix and Clarity ECL Max reagents were purchased from BioRad. Protease and phosphatase inhibitors and BCA reagent were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology, Abcam, and Santa Cruz Biotechnology. Restore™ Western Blot Stripping Buffer was purchased from Thermo Scientific. Sequencing grade Trypsin was purchased from Promega.

Hardesty J.E., Wahlang B., Prough R.A., Head K.Z., Wilkey D., Merchant M., Shi H., Jin J, & Cave M.C. (2021). Effect of Epidermal Growth Factor Treatment and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Exposure in a Dietary-Exposure Mouse Model of Steatohepatitis. Environmental Health Perspectives, 129(3), 037010.

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TCPOBOP and Aroclor Effects on EGFR Signaling

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1,4-Bis(3,5-dichloro-2-pyridyloxy)benzene (TCPOBOP) and androstanol were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO. Aroclor 1260, Aroclor 1254, and PCB congeners, PCB 3, PCB 6, PCB 8, PCB 9, PCB 126, PCB 138, PCB 149, PCB 151, PCB 153, PCB 170, PCB 174, PCB 180, PCB 187, were obtained from AccuStandard, Inc., New Haven, CT. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and EGFR inhibitor (EI, Cyclopropanecarboxylic acid-(3-(6-(3-trifluoromethyl-phenylamino)-pyrimidin-4-ylamino)-phenyl)-amide) were purchased from Millipore (Norwood, OH). The following antibodies were used for Western blot analysis of cell lysates from HepG2 and AML-12 cells: EGFR (Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA), P-EGFR Y1173 (abcam, Cambridge, MA), P-EGFR Y845 (abcam, Cambridge, MA), and P-EGFR Y1068 (CST, Danvers, MA), mouse liver EGFR, P-EGFR Y845, P-EGFR Y1068, mTOR, P-mTOR, AKT, P-AKT, STAT3, cRaf, ERK, P-ERK, β-actin, GAPDH (CST, Danvers, MA).

Hardesty J.E., Wahlang B., Falkner K.C., Clair H.B., Clark B.J., Ceresa B.P., Prough R.A, & Cave M.C. (2017). Polychlorinated Biphenyls Disrupt Hepatic Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Signaling. Xenobiotica; the fate of foreign compounds in biological systems, 47(9), 807-820.

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Preparation of a Polychlorinated Biphenyl Mixture

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Aroclor 1242 (lot #: KB 05-415) and Aroclor 1254 (lot #: KB 05-612) were a gift from Dr. Larry Hansen. Aroclor 1248 (lot #: 106-28) and Aroclor 1260 (lot #: 021-0201A) were purchased from AccuStandard (New Haven, CT, USA). The FRM was prepared from these PCB mixtures by mixing Aroclor 1242, Aroclor 1248, Aroclor 1254, and Aroclor 1260 in a weight ratio of 35:35:15:15 (Cheng et al., 2018 (link); Kostyniak et al., 2005 (link)). This mixture has a high ryanodine receptor (RyR) but low Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity (Kostyniak et al., 2005 (link)). Sources of analytical PCB standards and other materials are described in the Supplementary Material.

Li X., Lim J.J., Wang K., Prasad B., Bhatt D.K., Cui J.Y, & Lehmler H.J. (2022). The Disposition of Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) Differs Between Germ-free and Conventional Mice. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, 92, 103854.

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Chlorinated PCB Mixture Characterization

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Aroclor 1260 (Ar1260) was purchased from AccuStandard (New Haven, CT, USA). Ar1260 was a commercial heavily chlorinated PCB mixture containing ~ 99% non-coplanar, di-ortho substituted PCBs that have 5, 6, 7, or 8 chlorines (see Supplementary Table 1 in (Wahlang et al., 2014a (link)). Other reagents are listed in the description of that experimental plan.

Piell K.M., Petri B.J., Head K.Z., Wahlang B., Xu R., Zhang X., Pan J., Rai S.N., de Silva K., Chariker J.H., Rouchka E.C., Tan M., Li Y., Cave M.C, & Klinge C.M. (2023). Disruption of the Mouse Liver Epitranscriptome by Long-term Aroclor 1260 Exposure. Environmental toxicology and pharmacology, 100, 104138.

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Dose-Response Characterization of Neuroactive Compounds

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Tetrabenazine (Sigma T2952–50, ≥ 98% purity) was diluted in experimental media to a final concentration of 10 μM per well/plate for the negative control group and to concentrations of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μM to produce a dose response curve. Bafilomycin (Sigma B1793 ≥ 90% purity) was diluted in experimental media to a final concentration of 1 μM per well/plate. Reserpine (Sigma R0875–1G, ≥ 98% purity) was diluted in experimental media to final concentrations of 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, and 10 μM. Methamphetamine (Sigma M8750, purity ≥ 98%) and methylphenidate (Sigma M2892–100MG, ≥ 98% purity) were diluted in experimental media to final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10, and 100 μM. Stock concentrations of rotenone(Sigma R8875–1G, purity ≥ 95%), paraquat(Sigma 36541–100MG, purity ≥ 98%), chlorpyrifos(Chem Service PS-674, 99.4% purity), unichlor (Accustandard), PFOS(Accustandard, ≥98% purity), Paroil (Accustandard), hexabromocyclododecane (Sigma 144762–25G, 95% purity), and Aroclor 1260 (Accustandard) were dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Fisher) and then diluted in experimental media into a 200 μM working stock. From this working stock, each compound was diluted in experimental media to final concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μM.

Black C.A., Bucher M.L., Bradner J.M., Jonas L., Igarza K, & Miller G.W. (2020). Assessing vesicular monoamine transport and toxicity using fluorescent false neurotransmitters. Chemical research in toxicology.

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Preparation of Aroclor 1260 Solution

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Aroclor 1260 was purchased from AccuStandard (New Haven, CT, USA). Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and ethyl alcohol were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Chloroform and 2-propanol were obtained from Fisher Scientific (Hampton, NH, USA).

Wahlang B., Petriello M.C., Perkins J.T., Shen S, & Hennig B. (2016). Polychlorinated biphenyl exposure alters the expression profile of microRNAs associated with vascular diseases. Toxicology in vitro : an international journal published in association with BIBRA, 35, 180-187.

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