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SSD-500V

Manufactured by Aloka
Sourced in Japan, United States

The SSD-500V is a diagnostic ultrasound system manufactured by Aloka. It is designed for general diagnostic applications. The system features a high-resolution display and advanced imaging capabilities.

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17 protocols using SSD-500V

Time of estrus was synchronized using GnRH (Factrel, 100 mg, i.m., Zoetis Inc., Kalamazoo, MI) on day 0 and intravaginal progesterone (Easi-breed CIDR, Zoetis Inc.) for 7 d followed by PGF2α (Lutalyse 25 mg, i.m., Zoetis Inc.) on day of control internal drug release (CIDR) withdrawal. Heat patches (Estrotect, Rockway Inc., Spring Valley, WI) were placed on the tail head, for visual detection of estrus performed every 12 h. An epidural was given (Lidocaine 2%, 5 mL/heifer, Vet one, Boise, ID), and utilizing an ultrasound (Aloka, SSD-500V) guided transvaginal probe treatments were delivered in a 1 mL volume over eight locations within the ovarian stroma. Treatment groups included vehicle-treated control (CTRL, n = 3); 500 ng/mL WNT3A (R&D systems, Minneapolis, MN) at time of CIDR withdrawal (WNT-REC, n = 3); or 500 ng/mL WNT3A 16 h following CIDR withdrawal (WNT-SEL, n = 4).
Twelve hours after observed heat, transrectal ultrasound of follicular dynamics was initiated. Thereafter, ultrasound evaluation was repeated after 6 h, then every 3 h until ovulation confirmed loss of the dominant follicle. Growing preovulatory follicle dimensions were recorded at each time point. Blood samples were collected (Corvac, Covidien, IA) every 6 h for serum E2-concentration analysis.
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Mares were evaluated every 14 d for BW and BCS, and on d 0, 28, and 56 for fat thickness (FT), longissimus dorsi area (LDA), and intramuscular fat (IMF) using an ultrasound machine (Aloka SSD-500V, Aloka, Inc., Tokyo, Japan). The musculoskeletal probe was fitted with a contoured pad and corn oil was applied to the ultrasound site to maximize echogenicity and minimize image artifacts. Measurements included the FT and LDA over the intercostal space between the 12th/13th ribs and the 17th/18th ribs, and FT over the rump. All FT and LDA measurements were taken with the transducer oriented perpendicular to the horse’s spine. Estimates of IMF were determined by capturing four independent images over the 17th/18th ribs with the transducer positioned parallel to the horse’s spine. In accordance with Westervelt et al. (1976) (link), BF percentage was estimated from an equation using rump FT measurements taken 5 cm from the midline and centered between the tuber coxae and tuber ischiadicum [% BF = 4.70 × fat depth (cm) + 8.64]. All ultrasound measurements were obtained and interpreted by a single certified technician blind to treatments (Designer Genes Technologies, Inc., Harrison, AR).
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Leftover feed was removed every morning before new feed was offered. Feed intake
was determined as the difference between the allowance and leftover feed
collected the next morning. The back-fat thickness was measured ultrasonically
(SSD-500V, Aloka, Wallingford, CT, USA) on each sow before farrowing and at
weaning at the last rib and 65 mm from the dorsal midline [20 (link),21 (link)]. The weights
of suckling piglets were measured on day 1 and 21. A veterinarian monitored the
deaths of piglets by crushing and disease through daily inspections, and the
number of crushed piglets was recorded every day. Estrus checks for all sows
were conducted twice daily using intact boars from 3 days after weaning until
the end of estrus. The occurrence of estrus was defined by the standing reflex
in front of a boar and the reddening and swelling of the vulva. Litter weight
and litter size were recorded on the day of birth after cross-fostering and on
the day of weaning.
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The feed intake of all sows, and creep feed intake of all litters were calculated
based on the difference between the feed allowance and leftover food.
The back fat thickness of each sow was measured ultrasonically (Aloka SSD-500V,
USA) before farrowing and at weaning stage at the level of the last rib and 65
mm from the dorsal midline [19 (link),20 (link)].
The number of crushed piglets was recorded every day, and estrus detection was
carried out every 12 h after 3 days of weaning until the end of estrus.
Occurrence of estrus was defined according to the standing reflex in front of a
boar and through the reddening and swelling of vulva.
Litter weight and litter size were recorded on the day of birth (d 0) after
cross-fostering, and on day 21 (weaning).
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The Dingyuan pigs were raised in the Ankang Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Company, Dingyuan County, Anhui Province, with consistent feeding conditions. Over 200 unmated sows that were 10 months old and showed normal growth were selected and their body weight and live backfat thickness were measured using a platform scale and a B-ultrasound instrument (SSD-500V, ALOKA, Japan). Based on the measurements, 12 individuals with similar body weights were selected such that six had extremely high live backfat thickness and six had extremely low live backfat thickness. The pigs were slaughtered to measure the carcass weight, backfat thickness and lean meat percentage. The LD muscle and back subcutaneous fat tissues were collected, immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen, and stored at − 80 °C.
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Embryo donors were evaluated for ovarian follicular development using a 7.5-MHz ultrasound transducer (Aloka SSD-500V). Females with ovarian follicles 7–10 mm in diameter were behavior tested to determine their sexual receptivity (16 (link)), and receptive females were naturally mated to a male alpaca of proven fertility. At the time of breeding (Day 0), donors (n = 4) were given 30 μg gonadorelin (Factrel®, Zoetis, Kalamazoo, MI USA) intramuscularly to aid in the induction of ovulation.
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Liver and adipose tissue collections for biopsies were performed 40 min after infusion of glucose during the IVGTT, whereas only adipose tissue was collected for biopsy 40 min after infusion of insulin during the IC. Briefly, the cow was restrained, and the areas between the 10th and 12th intercostal spaces on the right side of the cow were scanned by ultrasonography (Aloka SSD-500V equipped with a 3.5-MHz convex transducer, Aloka Co. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) to determine the location for sampling hepatic tissue. Upon disinfecting the surgical site, 20 mL of a solution containing 2% lidocaine hydrochloride was administered in the subcutaneous and intramuscular spaces. The skin was incised and a stainless steel percutaneous hepatic biopsy tool (Aries Surgical, Davis, CA) was inserted to sample approximately 1 g of hepatic tissue, which was snapfrozen in liquid N and stored at -80°C until analyses. Subcutaneous adipose tissue was sampled from the fat pad over the right ischium during the IVGTT and the left ischium in the IC. Upon disinfecting the biopsy site, 20 mL of 2% lidocaine hydrochloride was administered in the subcutaneous space. Approximately 3 g of tissue was sampled, snap-frozen in liquid N, and stored at -80°C until analyses.
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Twelve Standardbred mares (initial age 14 ± 2 yr, BW 544 ± 47 kg [mean ± SD], and BCS 6.1 ± 0.47) were paired by initial BW and BCS and randomly assigned to either the R or C grazing systems. Prior to the start of grazing (at least 2 mo), horses were housed in their respective groups on dry lots and fed a moderate quality grass hay at 2% of BW.
Horse BW, BCS, and percent body fat (FAT) were measured monthly to determine the effect of grazing system on horse health. Horse BW was measured using an IND221 electronic scale (Mettler Toledo, Columbus, OH), and BCS was assessed on a scale of 1 to 9 (Henneke et al., 1983 (link)). Horse FAT was determined by ultrasound (Aloka SSD-500V with linear 3.5 mHz probe, Tokyo, Japan) of subcutaneous rump fat thickness (Westervelt et al., 1976 (link)). Fat thickness was measured on both sides of the rump, and the average was entered into a regression equation to determine overall body fat percentage (Westervelt et al., 1976 (link)).
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Fish were scanned with an Aloka SSD 500V real-time scanner (Aloka, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with a linear array transducer of 7.5 MHz (Aloka UST-5512U-7.5, Tokyo, Japan) with a gain, near gain and far gain of 64, 24 and 0.9, respectively. Figure 1 shows an example of an RTU image. The RTU images were taken in cross-sectional slices (S1 to S10; Figure 2) from the end of the operculum to the beginning of the caudal fin. To achieve this, the probes were placed perpendicular to the fish major axis and displaced along the fish in a craniocaudal movement from the end of the operculum to the beginning of the caudal fin. To ensure that the transducer was always placed in the same relative position, the length of the fish (mean length 203.11 ± 36.52 mm; range 162.30 to 299.60 mm) was considered. To ensure optimal acoustic contact, a gel standoff was placed between the probe and the fish. Fish were placed in a rectangular metallic container with saltwater (column: 3 cm), and RTU scans were taken under anesthesia using 150 mg L−1 phenoxyethanol (Merck–Schucherd, Hohenbrunn, Germany).
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Muscle thickness (MT) was obtained using an Aloka® SSD 500V ultrasound (US) with a 7.5 MHz electronic linear transducer (UST-5512U-7.5, 38 mm, Aloka® (Tokyo, Japan). Ultrasound images were captured using a 90 dB gain and a magnification that allows a depth of 42.0 mm of the Pectoralis major muscle. Images were acquired between the Sternal and Clavicular portion. Participants remained relaxed for 10 min to allow fluid distribution before and after training [16 ]. Participants were asked to relax the upper limbs and thorax muscles as much as possible throughout the procedures and the lower limbs were fixed with Velcro to avoid interference of possible muscle spasms. The uniformity of the compressions was standardized real-time by examination of the device screen [17 (link), 18 (link)]. The tests were performed on the dominant side [19 , 20 ].
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