Were isolated from mouse bone marrow and resuspended in a complete medium containing RPMI 1640, 10% FBS, and 1% penicillin/streptomycin. The cell concentration was adjusted to 0.5-1 × 106/ml, and the cells were seeded into a 24-well culture plate. Recombinant mouse GM-CSF (20ng/ml, PeproTech Inc., #315-03, USA) and IL-4 (10ng/ml, MCE, #HY-P701093) were added on day 0 of culture. On day 2, the culture plate was gently shaken and 3/4 of the culture medium was replaced with fresh medium supplemented with cytokines. These steps were repeated every two days. On the 6th day, 1ug/ml of LPS (Sigma, #L2880) was added to the medium. On the 8th day, suspended and loosely adherent cells were collected as mature dendritic cells.